Venda, a Bantu-speaking people inhabiting the region of the Republic of South Africa known from 1979 to 1994 as the Republic of Venda.
The area is now part of Limpopo province and is situated in the extreme northeastern corner of South Africa bordering on southern Zimbabwe.
The Venda have been called a “composite people” because they have historically consisted of a multiplicity of culturally different groups.
Apparently the Venda have become more culturally uniform since they settled in their present location after migrating through Zimbabwe from an area farther to the northwest, and almost all now speak the Venda language.
The rugged Venda habitat was largely responsible for protecting them from invading enemies in the 19th century.
Zulu warriors led by Mzilikazi, the eventual founder of the Ndebele (Matabele) people, generally met defeat in their attacks on the inaccessible mountain fortresses of the Venda.
The Venda were, in fact, the last of the peoples in the area to come under European control.
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