The drawn borders of modern African nations often fail to reflect the traditional territories and cultural boundaries of the continent's diverse ethnic groups. During the colonial era, European powers divided Africa without consideration for local populations, leading to the fragmentation of many long-established tribal communities. This article explores 30 examples of African tribes that were divided by national borders, highlighting the lasting impact of this colonial legacy.
(1). Lozi - Found in Zambia and parts of Angola, Namibia and Botswana. The Lozi people were divided when colonial borders were drawn.
(2). Maasai - Found in Kenya and Tanzania. The Maasai people and their traditional grazing lands were divided by the Kenya-Tanzania border.
(3). Somali - Found in Somalia, Ethiopia, Djibouti and Kenya. The Somali people and their territory were divided among these countries during colonization.
(4). Ndebele - Found in Zimbabwe and South Africa. The Ndebele kingdom was split when the Rhodesia-South Africa border was established.
(5). Tutsi - Found in Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Tutsi people were divided by colonial borders in the Great Lakes region.
(6). Hutu - Found in Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Hutu people were also divided by colonial borders in the Great Lakes region.
(7). Kikuyu - Found mainly in Kenya. The Kikuyu are the largest ethnic group in Kenya.
(8). Oromo - Found in Ethiopia, Kenya and Somalia. The Oromo people were divided among these countries during colonization.
(9). Amhara - Found primarily in Ethiopia. The Amhara are one of the largest ethnic groups in Ethiopia.
(10). Kongo - Found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo and Angola. The Kongo kingdom was divided by colonial borders.
(11). Igbo - Found mainly in Nigeria. The Igbo people were affected by the Nigeria-Biafra civil war in the late 1960s.
(12). Yoruba - Found in Nigeria, Benin and Togo. The Yoruba people and their cultural region were divided by colonial borders.
(13). Zulu - Found in South Africa and eSwatini (formerly Swaziland). The Zulu kingdom was split by the South Africa-eSwatini border.
(14). Swahili - Found along the coast of East Africa, including Tanzania, Kenya, Mozambique and the Comoros Islands. The Swahili-speaking regions were divided by colonial boundaries.
(15). Chewa - Found in Malawi, Zambia and Mozambique. The Chewa people were divided by the borders between these countries.
(16). Shona - Found primarily in Zimbabwe, with smaller populations in Mozambique and Botswana. The Shona cultural region was split by colonial borders.
(17). Tswana - Found in Botswana, South Africa and Namibia. The Tswana people and their territory were divided by the borders of these countries.
(18). Xhosa - Found mainly in South Africa. The Xhosa people were affected by the establishment of the South Africa-Lesotho border.
(19). Basque - Found in parts of Spain and France. The Basque people have faced division due to the Spain-France border.
(20). Fulani - Found across West Africa, including in Nigeria, Cameroon, Niger, Senegal and Guinea. The Fulani were divided by colonial boundaries.
(21). Akan - Found primarily in Ghana and Ivory Coast. The Akan cultural region was split by the border between these two countries.
(22). Berber - Found in North Africa, including in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt. The Berber people were affected by colonial borders in the region.
(23). Tuareg - Found in the Sahara desert, spanning parts of Algeria, Mali, Niger, Libya and Burkina Faso. The Tuareg people and their traditional territory were divided by national borders.
(24). Senufo - Found in Ivory Coast, Mali and Burkina Faso. The Senufo people were divided by the borders of these West African countries.
(25). Dogon - Found in Mali, with smaller populations in Burkina Faso and Niger. The Dogon people and their unique cultural landscape were affected by colonial borders.
(26). Mossi - Found primarily in Burkina Faso, with smaller populations in Ivory Coast and Ghana. The Mossi kingdom was divided by colonial boundaries.
(27). Ashanti - Found mainly in Ghana. The Ashanti people and their historical kingdom were impacted by the establishment of the Ghana-Ivory Coast border.
(28). Bamileke - Found in Cameroon. The Bamileke people and their traditional lands were affected by Cameroon's borders with neighboring countries.
(29). Kuba - Found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Kuba kingdom was divided when colonial borders were drawn in the region.
(30). Kru - Found in Liberia and Ivory Coast. The Kru people and their coastal region were divided by the border between these two West African countries.
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