Southern Asia, also known as South Asia, is a region located in the southern part of the Asian continent. It is bordered by the Himalayas in the north and the Indian Ocean in the south. The region is known for its diverse cultures, languages, religions, mountains, rivers, deserts and fertile plains.
(1). Countries of Southern Asia:
According to the United Nations geographical classification, Southern Asia consists of 9 countries: India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Maldives and Iran.
(2). Important Geographical Features:
* Highest mountain: Mount Everest (8,848.86 metres).
* Second-highest mountain: K2 (8,611 metres).
* Major mountain range: Himalayas.
* Major rivers: Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra.
* Largest country by area: India.
* Smallest country by area: Maldives.
* Famous desert: Thar Desert.
* Major plateau: Deccan Plateau.
* Largest delta: Ganga–Brahmaputra–Meghna Delta.
* Major ocean: Indian Ocean.
(3). Important Islands:
* Lakshadweep: A group of coral islands located in the Arabian Sea, west of India.
* Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Indian island territory situated in the Bay of Bengal.
* Sri Lanka: An island country located south of India.
* Maldives: An island country famous for coral atolls, located southwest of India.
(4). Amazing Facts About Southern Asia:
* Nepal is home to Mount Everest, the world's highest mountain.
* Pakistan contains K2, the world's second-highest mountain.
* Bangladesh is famous for the Sundarbans, the world's largest mangrove forest.
* Bhutan is popularly known as the Land of the Thunder Dragon.
* Maldives is the world's lowest-lying country in terms of natural elevation.
* Sri Lanka is popularly called the Pearl of the Indian Ocean.
* India is the largest country in Southern Asia by area and population.
* Afghanistan is famous for its rugged mountain landscapes.
* Iran is known for its ancient Persian civilisation.
* The Indian Ocean is named after India.
(5). Important Seas and Water Bodies:
* Arabian Sea – West of India.
* Bay of Bengal – East of India.
* Indian Ocean – South of Southern Asia.
* Persian Gulf – Southwest of Iran.
* Gulf of Oman – Near Iran and Pakistan.
(6). Important Examination Facts:
* Southern Asia has 9 countries according to UN M49 classification.
* Mount Everest is situated on the Nepal–China border.
* K2 is located in the Karakoram Range.
* The Ganga and Brahmaputra form an extensive delta system.
* Lakshadweep is famous for coral islands.
* The Thar Desert is mainly located in India and Pakistan.
* Nepal and Bhutan are landlocked countries.
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